6207C19 SHSpec-172 The E-Meter

     The E-meter was devised as an aid to help an auditor observe a PC.  It
certainly beats fingers on pulses!  The first Mathison meter wasn't built as a
modified wheatstone bridge.  Until E-meters were developed, people thought
such galvanometers were reading sweat, not thought, because the earlier
galvanometers were so insensitive.  Engineers and electronics men in
scientology have not always recognized the possibility of a meter that
directly reads electric thought-impulses, not the physical results of these
thought-impulses.  Home-made E-meters built by people who do know something
about psychogalvanometers, often have a built-in lag which is meant to
"protect the movement".  The needle is damped down, so reads are late, you
read "sweat", etc.  Hence no instant reads.

     The first Mathison meter wouldn't read on a large percentage of people,
so LRH got Mathison to expand it.  By the end of 1952, we had a pretty good
meter.  The very first meter had tiny electrodes -- little metal bars -- and
didn't give mental reads.  LRH and Jim Elliot got the idea of using soup cans,
which did result in being able to get reads.

     The E-meter can detect whether a PC is auditable.  It is a coincidence
that it just happens that when you can read a PC on a meter, that PC is in
good shape.  When a person's needle is in a constant agitated rockslam, e.g.
with a real manic-depressive or schitzophrenic psychotic, no metered process
works on them anyway.  CCH's are all you can use.  Fortunately, they are
available.  If you can read the meter on him, he can be audited on a think
process, e.g. prepchecking.

     The meter ran us into a complete cul-de-sac.  We had had knowledge of the
whole track before, but the meter made it clear how many engrams there were.
This made dianetics look wrong.  As long as you audited only this lifetime,
you could make someone look very good, but it was obviously impossible to run
out every engram on the whole track, because the number is infinite.

     LRH, in the past, had refused to let PCs be subjected to experimental
processes because they might get their heads blown off.  Sometimes he used
himself as a guinea pig for that reason.

     The board of the first Dianetic Foundation started to resign when LRH
started looking at whole track.  They discovered at that point that Hubbard
could get mad!  His attitude was that no one was going to say what could or
could not be researched.  They decided that he must not be clear!

     At that time, which was the time of early research with the E-meter and A
History of Man (1952), LRH and MSH went down to the library and started
looking up words.  They came up with "scio" and "-ology".  This seemed to
express what we wanted: moving out of the field of the mind into the field of
knowing.  The mind is only a vessel of knowledge, so a new approach was
required.  Exteriorization started coming up.  LRH and MSH went to Phoenix.
One night, Evans Farber showed up And wouldn't go away.  LRH finally asked him
what he wanted and found that he had discovered the process, "Try not to be
three feet back of your head," as an exteriorization process.

     That was practically the end of the E-meter, because you can't read a
thetan who is out of his head. LRH tried to develop a Theta-meter.  The
trouble was that it detected the auditor as well as the thetan who was the PC
because it didn't require one to be exterior to read on it.  It was very
simple, electronically.  It used a "magic eye" type detector.

     In about 1955 or 1956, E-meters went out of use.  They revived after the
Clearing ACC [Probably in 5802C07 19ACC-15 "Help -- How to get Started" and
5802C13 19ACC19 "Other processes -- the Help Button". Other tape titles from
this ACC may be more relevant, but I don't have them.]  in the U.S., when LRH
assessed people with the meter.  Don Breeding, Joe Wallace, Pinkham and others
were working on meters, and one of them designed a transistorized E-meter in
1957.  It was found to be very useful in clearing people.  It was used with a
five-way help bracket to clear fifteen or twenty out of seventy people, as
long as LRH did the assessment.  We know now that the people who went clear
were those who had a beingness goal and chose the terminal of that beingness
goal to run on the five-way help.  They made a first dynamic keyed-out clear.
That is, you could clear anyone with help whose terminal was also his goal.
The trick of assessment was to find the Rock, which would sometimes coincide
with the wording of a goal.

     This got meters back in, when it became clear that you wouldn't clear
anyone without a meter.  This was horrible, because LRH had never been able to
teach an auditor to use one.  Not that he had tried very hard.  The Step Six
phenomenon that was run into not long afterwards was the result of running
someone on a button that wasn't on his goal line, not from creativeness
beefing up the bank, per se.  If his goal was run out or desensitized, you
could then run any creative process with no bad effect.  Otherwise, the button
of alteration of creativeness can get activated, which is the bank-creator.
[See pp. 285-287, above.] When a bank starts to go solid, that's no fun.

     The difficulties of auditors finding a correct Rock loomed enormously.
We now had two factors that were missing:

     1. We needed technology that would unwind any accidental out of this
        package of clearing, so there would be no unknown data.

     2. We needed to get to the point where an auditor could interpret the
        data we did find.

     The first British meters were copies of American meters.  Fowler and
Allen built them, at first, with no idea of what they were building.  One day
LRH sat Allen down and ran a responsibility process on him on whatever he was
looking at, put him on the meter, located his dead war-companion that he felt
he had overts on, and found that he was looking at a window, surrounded by
blackness.  He ran responsibility for this scene and got more and more room in
the picture.  Suddenly, he got the whole sequence, with full kinesthesia, all
sensations, and no more stuck picture.  LRH explained bits and pieces about
the E-meter to Fowler and Allen.  They went on to build the Mark II, III, and
eventually the Mark IV, with an improved circuit.  They also worked on an OT
meter.

     The job of the meter is still what it always was: to detect what the PC
has in the reactive bank.  It is incidental that the meter detects ruds,
problems, or what the PC is thinking or doing, or whatever.  What we need most
is to know what he has in the bank, so that the bank can be assessed.  The
E-meter has been designed and must be designed to detect the PC's prime
postulate.  Otherwise you won't clear anyone.  If a meter won't detect a prime
postulate in an individual. it is useless, even if it could be used to get
ruds in.  A good meter must be very sensitive, yet not pick up everything that
the PC is doing physically.

     But this has not been the main liability of meters.  The liability has
always been auditor reading.  Now that this has been singled out as the
weakest point in auditing, it can get fixed.  Also, more is known now about
meter reads and auditor ability.  All the auditor is missing on is certainty
on whether the needle read or is clean.  Trouble with knowing when it read is
solved by not looking until you say the last syllable and by drilling on when
the needle is or isn't reading.

     So all auditors must learn to read an E-meter, or they simply cannot
audit.  You have to be able to detect the thing in the mind that is keeping
the PC from being clear.  You ve got to learn to read meters.  A good, safe
auditor can read a meter; an unsafe one cannot.

