
Type = 1
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SCIENTOLOGY
CONTROL And The Mechanics Of S. C. S.



				  SCIENTOLOGY
			  CONTROL And The Mechanics Of
				    S. C. S.

			Edited from the tape lectures of

				 L. RON HUBBARD

			 THE PUBLICATIONS ORGANIZATION
				   WORLD WIDE


				 IMPORTANT NOTE

The only reason a person gives up a study or becomes confused or unable to
learn is that he or she has gone past a word that was not understood.

Therefore, in studying Scientology, be very, very certain you never go past a
word you do not fully understand. If the material becomes confusing or you
can't seem to grasp it, there will be a word just earlier that you have not
understood. Don't go any further, but go back to BEFORE you got into trouble,
find the misunderstood word and get it defined.

			   Reprinted 1962, 1967, 1968

		   Copyright $c 1957, 1967 by L. Ron Hubbard

			      All Rights Reserved

				  Published by

		    THE PUBLICATIONS ORGANIZATION WORLD WIDE

	      A branch of The Church of Scientology of California
		     A non-profit corporation in the U.S.A.

			     Registered in England
		       17 North East Thistle Street Lane,
			     Edinburgh 2, Scotland.



L. Ron Hubbard


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CONTROL AND THE MECHANICS OF S.C.S.



		      CONTROL AND THE MECHANICS OF S.C.S.

	  (Edited from L. Ron Hubbard's 18th ACC lecture No. 6, dated
				 July 22, 1957)

     The word control has a nasty connotation due to the bad 8-C parents and
society administers upon its individuals. That is because the word control
evokes moments when we were beaten down into apathy or given such conflicting
commands to obey that we henceforth shudder away from any mention of the word.
But in Scientology we have given it a new meaning by adding Tone 40, which
makes this control exact and allows the completion of a cycle of action which
bad control never considered. Also it does not dramatize the lower emotions of
the tone scale.

     An individual who has been made to resist control winds up allergic to
control and if he is allergic to it he dies because there isn't anything one
can do with anything except in one way or another to view or control it.

    If a flow flows too long in one direction it has a tendency to dam up and
fix itself. It is only necessary to reverse that to unfix the situation.  We
go back into "Scientology: 8-80" on two-way flows and we understand what is
happening. When you get a person to get the idea of flowing something out away
from him, he will suddenly go anaten. But it is only necessary for him to make
something flow the other way toward him for a short while (just a mental idea
of flowing in) for him to wake up immediately. If you have somebody who is
putting mockups out in front of him and he starts to go unconscious you only
need to have him put them in back of him and the unconsciousness disappears.

    A thetan who is totally devoted to controlling things and who is not
himself in any way controlled, runs into this phenomena. If this is the case
one can immediately see why control of a preclear is necessary. If he has
fought outgoing control it is only because it has gone out too long.  A thetan
cannot be upset by a mis-control or bad 8-C. It is just an objection. I think
he could take it rather easily providing he himself didn't have a stuck flow
on it. If he himself had not done so much controlling of mental image
pictures, which is to say the mind, the body and objects in the environment,
there would not be a stuck outward flow.  When somebody comes along and
controls him well, he objects. He objects more when it is bad control. But bad
control, that is, bad placement and handling, naturally gets more on his
nerves if he already has a stuck outflow. He would not pay any attention to it
if there wasn't a well

				       3



worn route which starts to come back to knock him out. He doesn't like it and
starts to fight a flow with flows.

    A flow which flows a certain time in one direction tends to continue to
flow until it is totally jammed or stopped. A flow flowing long enough in one
direction in the mind, eventually flows harder and harder and not easier as
one might presume. This is only true when energy is being employed. The more
an individual outflows energy the more vacuum he creates on this side of the
flow. The more he flows out the more hole he leaves in the bank and eventually
something is trying to pull the flow back in. He has created a "missingness"
in the energy masses immediately surrounding him and this vacuum caused by the
missingness tends to fill itself by pulling back on the same line. It's like
taking a rubber band and stretching it further and further. The analogy isn't
very good because the flow eventually just sticks. His effort to hold it out
there is so great that he can only hold it motionlessly out there. He has got
it stuck.

    Somebody comes along and threatens to disturb this stuck flow just a
little bit and the vacuum behind it tends to fill up too rapidly. He resists
this and he sticks it out there with more effort.

    The solution to this lies in these two data; one, you cannot hurt a thetan
and, two, the worst that could happen on the snap back is that the bank would
disarrange in some fashion and would leave him without some of his pretty
pictures. That flow is usually undertaken by non-created energy. He himself
did not create the energy. He collected it one way or the other, from sources
on a mis-ownership basis. He packed it around him and used that energy.

    There is an actual series of electrical phenomena which occur in the field
of thinkingness connected with this. These things have been observed to have
sufficient violence that a person holding the electrodes of an E-meter has had
an explosion occur somewhere in the vicinity of his hands big enough to knock
a hole in his hands and the can.

    An individual once in a while gets a tremendous explosion in front of his
face or above his head and he thinks he is being attacked by something. He
just got too much potential and had a stuck flow out there which somebody came
along and disturbed and it resulted in a complete electronic display. Any
group of people playing around with such things as electric shocks on people
to "help" them, is just being incredibly stupid because they are using the
wrong wavelength in the first place -- a very gross wave called "action".

				       4


    We look at this tremendous electrical phenomena which surrounds the being
and we find that mental image pictures are themselves built of energy. They
are not some imaginary thing. Imaginary means "non-energy, non- real, not
existent, couldn't possibly be handled". It is a bad control operation, the
use of that word imaginary. If that is the case then everything we can see is
imaginary -- the walls, floors, ceilings and all the bodies one sees walking
down the streets.

    You can practically produce the same phenomena as a ridge exploding with
any electrical current or various electrical gimmicks of one kind or another.
The electronic engineer can produce this reaction very easily with condensers
and resistors, but his ideas of condensers are rather strange as well. He
thinks if you keep pumping electricity into a condenser until it fills up it
will eventually discharge in some fashion or another. Well, we don't know if
it has this capacity or not, but we know that a thetan does have some strange
electrical phenomena which are not any different than the electrical phenomena
of life. This is not unusual to a thetan because he is after all part and
parcel to the mest universe and the electrical phenomena we see around us were
probably some time or another generated by life. The current running in this
tape recorder at this moment is converted or generated by some life form or
another in the past. It is probably running on coal and coal is energy stored
by, converted by or generated by life forms -- trees.

    The moment a thetan starts to handle energy he runs into all the phenomena
of electricity or else he wouldn't have any need of eating or sleeping. That
this applies to the mind then should not come as a shock to anybody. That it
wouldn't apply to the mind then should be a tremendous piece of balderdash. If
it has anything to do with energy then there are certain laws that energy
obeys and flows are no exception.

    Other electrical phenomena contain engrams. Each experience in life is
represented by a mental image picture of one kind or another, which contains
real energy, which has real potential and which is measurable in terms of
current. Meters which measure current, measure the potential in these
facsimiles.

    Furthermore they have mass. You can remedy somebody's havingness with
these pictures. By having an individual mockup things and shoving them in, you
can increase the body's weight. There are many experiences which in themselves
-- and this is what is confusing -- contain electrical catastrophes. One can
have pictures of catastrophes which, when run, give you a repeat of a
catastrophe.

    One can produce all sorts of electrical phenomena which affect beings.
People haven't begun to dream of the number of ways by which a being

				       5


could be influenced by electrical phenomena. One could say that is about the
closest thing there is to infinity. They are numberless and all obey the same
laws. If they are so operating and if these laws hold good, then you, in
processing, can command the obedience of this phenomena. One of the phenomena
is the stuck flow of control. People usually control other things by energy
and do not control by postulate which is the optimum thing to do. They
obsessively control and then one day they control just a little more by energy
and they decide they cannot control things any more. There is no other reason
to it than electrical phenomena.  There isn't, "Well, I failed too many times
to control it so I guess I cannot control it any longer". They just had to try
too hard and had to outflow too much, worked too hard by pushing in one
direction too long and they created a stuck flow. Practically all flows are
aimed in the direction of control and the anatomy of control is start, change
and stop.  Starting, changing and stopping things then became stuck flows.

    One of the things we do is to back up this stuck flow of control. The
thetan has been going all the time in the universe controlling things and very
few things have ever controlled him. He has a tendency to snap in on himself
those times when he has been controlled whether it was good or bad control.
Hence you get the various phenomena such as the Service Facsimile which finds
its basic residence in just that fact.

    The idea of training people until they develop automatic responses as in
the forces, has practically saturated the universe. They don't ever train the
person since they don't even know who the man was. The whole idea of training
is completely erroneous because they think that if they get some kind of
automaticity going in the bank then this person, like a wound up doll, can
thereafter drive a car and tanks. Everybody thinks that it works, so that is
the target of education, "Don't apply it.  Just memorize the data presented to
you even though you don't precisely know where to fit it into your frame of
reference."

    Now an auditor comes along and starts to control him with Tone 40
auditing, such as "Give me that hand". After a while the preclear says, "I
wonder if any of that is addressed to me? Could it be that some of it is
addressed to me? In the first place they are not asking me to store up any of
this in the bank. Quite the contrary. I am supposed to do this every time.
Me?  Does the fellow mean me because I don't see anything else around here
that will give him my hand. Well, maybe if he does this often enough he is
going to install a machine which will give him my hand." Then it becomes
sheer duplication and duplication can utterly ruin any machine. The one thing
that mental machinery cannot do is to exactly duplicate. Only a thetan can
duplicate. He is the only being that can stand the stress and strain of is. So
duplication enters into this with heavy control and he finds that he must be
the one who is being controlled. Thus he works it out and one gets a back flow

				       6


of control which is all there is to it. He finds nut that there is no great
consequence to this and so becomes willing to control something and that is
more or less a crude explanation of how control works when used in auditing.

    We examine this very carefully and find that control is senior to energy.
Energy is the servant of control and not the end goal of control although it
could be made so. Energy is energy and if it was just floating about doing
nothing there would be chaos, that is if there was no direction to it.

    If we take this idea of energy flows as the only method by which anything
can be controlled we are in trouble. That is the make-break point of a
lifetime. That is the reason why electronic engineers have a rough time.  The
using of too much and using it too long to control things with energy which
they themselves cannot even see, causes this stuck flow which eventually
deteriorates into the inability to control and forces them further down to
cruder methods yes.

    We have a stratum above energy. There is such a thing as controlling by
postulate. There is also such a thing as mass without energy, or mass without
fields. There can be a mass with no energy and it is not true that that wall
is composed of little things that wiggle. It is not composed of space with an
idea of little particles. Let's not make the mistake of saying that a mass has
no mass. That is what physics got itself into and is in it so deep that it
will never dig itself out. When it advanced into higher physics they said that
mass has no mass and it made mystics out of the lot of them.

    That is a reverse postulate. It is all right to say that there is nothing
there, there is something there and behold is. But now there is something
there and we say that there is nothing there without vanishing it and we are
in trouble because we are telling a lie. Let's get the isness straight.  The
universe is real. If you run around saying that it is real it would become
less offensive to you, but if you go around on the second postulate and while
holding firmly in mind that it is and you say it isn't, you not-is it and
become a "what wall" case which is lower than south.

    That which makes something is not the thing it made and because you can
make energy is no reason that you are energy. Because the wall next to you can
make electrical fields when treated properly is no reason that it is an
electrical field. In other words, that wall over there is and don't ever
think it isn't. If your body runs into it, it will go thump. We then, as a
result of this, have to admit two isnesses. The isness of your body and the
isness of the wall and some person with more feeling than others would admit a
third -- the thump.

				       7


    One an vary, alter and do all sorts of things such as changing mest and
electricity but when you say that it isn't you run into trouble and start
going blind. This is actually the total reason 8-C and other processes are so
good. You just make the preclear go around and say, "It is. It is. It is," and
everything brightens up and is liable to become more solid, stronger and more
massive. That is the basic control of this universe. It is. One controls
something by holding it in existence. Just by holding something in existence
one is controlling it.

    Control then even enters into creation. Create and control are next door
to each other. If an individual cannot suffer control himself his ability to
create is doomed. He may be frantically creating but it doesn't mean that he
is going to keep doing this for very long. He is going to hit that stuck flow.
If he is creating with postulates and not with energy flows he can go on
forever.

    The number one trick of control used in this universe on a thetan is to
make the thetan postulate that he himself can be damaged. One has to make him
conceive that he is energy and that energy can be damaged by which he then has
it proven to him that he can be damaged. One can only damage a person
thoroughly and enormously by making this identification between a spirit and
energy or mass.

    Any psychotherapy or practice of religion and philosophy or activity
concerning the mind is doomed to failure and will not and cannot work if it is
based on the premise that man is mass. The only reason Scientology works is
because it disabuses him of this fact. It addresses the being and if we were
going around fixing up bodies thinking that man is a body made up of neurons,
automaticities, etc., we have said at once that it cannot work, because it is
using and confirming this identification.

    That is the basic mis-identification necessary to damage a thetan or put
him downscale. One just has to convince him that he is mass, energy and can be
damaged and you have a foundation for a slave society.

    The thetan who is convinced that he is a chair can provenly be damaged.
But a thetan cannot be damaged. All you really have to do is disassociate the
idea that a thetan was energy and you have 99 per cent of his case right
there. People control so much energy that they eventually come to believe that
they had better obey the laws of energy and so get stuck in energy. He then
thinks he is energy and if he produces something he is the thing.

    This situation eventually gets into a stuck flow and the moment you
process him, not an energy mass, he starts to disconnect from all this

				       8


energy without really wrecking his havingness. One cannot hurt his havingness.
It is just another idea he found. Havingness works because it exercises his
connection with energy. It makes him responsible until he wears out a whole
flock of postulates and then feels better.

    This, then, is a direct ratio. One would have to convince a thetan that he
was energy before one could damage him. He often sets up a postulate that he
could be damaged so as to damage another thetan by example. Somebody said,
"Hell was paved with good intentions," but it is actually paved with setting
an example. You say, "Look what you have done to me, you brute. You have
slaughtered me," and he says, "WHAT! A living being can be slaughtered? That's
a new thought!" and he goes off worrying about this. You pick yourself up and
say, "Guess I got that guy." Then one day you do it so often that you forget
to get the guy or you run into too many others that convinced you. That is
just the method of going into agreement.

    Hence, down scale cases, difficulty in processing, all these things
actually stem from these rather stratospheric postulates and activities which
may or may not be reached directly by an auditor. They certainly can be
attacked on a gradient scale. If they could be reached just like that one
would have a one instant clear.

    The whole matter of "I am energy, energy can be damaged, I can be damaged"
is actually a necessary channel to create a good solid slave society. A fellow
who is energy cannot get out of a skull and must to some degree be conceiving
himself to be the content of the skull when you tell him to exteriorize. He is
trying to push his brains outside the skull or something of the sort when you
say, "Be three feet back of your head." It is painful and it gives him
headaches.

    A thetan couldn't be damaged. His abilities couldn't be less. We have
already demonstrated that it is impossible to reduce an ability. About the
only thing you can do is reduce its exercise or the willingness to exercise
it.

    The answer to all this is to remember and be cognizant all the time that
one is processing the thetan and NOT an energy mass or something solid. Only
then can change occur.

    A thetan has plotted out orders of seniority and top amongst them is
surprise. I can make anybody go out of control and actually make his body just
start flip flopping madly just by making him run a process that isn't a
process but which is addressed to surprise. "Mock up somebody and have him be
surprised." Just have him do that for a few times and

				       9


he says, "I am feeling nervous now," and the next thing you as an auditor see
is that he has got all of his clamps about surprise off and all of the
surprise which was more or less on automatic goes into full restimulation and
he will just flip flop all over the place.

    Surprise is one of the methods by which energy could be damaged because a
thetan gets that associated with a blow and he has all sorts of interesting
mechanisms figured out. But we have to have these basic mechanisms first --
one, that one can be damaged and two, that he is energy.

    Christianity, for instance, had this failure. Although they were
addressing the spirit very broadly they actually brought in this mechanism
called hell. There were seven hells originally and these various hells were
all places where thetans could be damaged. They did this very interestingly.
They said, "your soul," which, of course, made the operation, "you are
energy."

    Punishment and damage were entered in. That wasn't anywhere near as bad an
operation as this dialectic materialism psychology mess that we have inherited
in our modern times. Science is going straight ahead on the rocks of "man is
energy -- man is mass." At least Christian practices gave a via on it. They
still have some spirit present in their conception of man.

    I am more or less prone to believe some of the miracles which occurred in
the early days of Christianity in spite of the several Christian churches
which now offer large prizes to anyone who can prove that any miracle ever
occurred. If you were just to convince somebody that he is a spirit, that he
did not "have" a soul but "is" a soul and nothing else, you are liable to get
a miracle. He would slip all the way out of being energy and being damaged
into being himself.

    We thus have control of the spirit as being the highest button of control
or processing. Control of spirit would be rather direct without mumbo jumbo
and lots of vias such as witch doctoring.

    We have come to a point where we can do this quite directly. We can
control a spirit. The moment that the preclear himself sees that he is control
and that he is not energy, sees that he can receive control, communicate and
respond to it, he certainly will pull out of the morass.

    Tone 40 works well for some people and rather poorly for others. It has a
lot to do with the goals of the auditor and his understanding of what he is
trying to do with that process. But we are probably the first -- and this
doesn't even include Buddhism -- to overtly address this problem very directly
and without superstition and mumbo jumbo.

				       10


    Direct control of the spirit is our direct goal and when a person can be
controlled then he can control and when he sees that there is a two way flow
involved he has the situation well in hand.

			      --------------------



L. Ron Hubbard


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The ARC Triangle and CCH



	(Edited from L. Ron Hubbard's Lecture No. 2 of the 18th ACC,
			      Washington, D.C.)

    The ARC triangle is our next to the oldest property in Scientology.  The
oldest is the bank, the engram and the mental image picture. Quite recently
this almost forgotten triangle did a terrific resurrection only this time we
have it as control, havingness and communication.

    Affinity, Reality and Communication are an excellent description of the
three basic things on which the universe is built, without which, in balance,
life could not exist.

    AFFINITY, that is some emotional or felt consideration of proximity, is
basically a consideration of distance, but it is that consideration which says
that one likes or doesn't like it. In other words, without some liking or
disliking, having some things to avoid or to go close to, there would be no
game at all.

    REALITY, is that sequence which begins with postulates and ends with mass,
which we originally defined as an agreed upon thing. Reality is the agreed
upon apparency of existence as per the axioms.

    COMMUNICATION, is an interchange of ideas between two beings who are aware
that the other person is present. We had to introduce with this new simplicity
the radical idea that one being could talk to another being and that an
interchange of ideas could take place as defined in Axiom 28 and described in
"Dianetics 1955" -- the manual of communication.

    If you notice an interchange of ideas it is not very feasible unless there
is an agreement of some sort or another. The agreement can take the form of
having a mass to talk to and we thus get a communication via.  At least we
know what we are talking to if there is something there -- and that is
reality. Of course, we can simply postulate that something is there and talk
to it.

				       11


    Talking to something is better than talking to nothing. When two beings
are talking to each other here on Earth, one normally sees the oddity of two
beings standing there, not confronting each other and not talking, but a lot
of words go back and forth. The reality part of that interchange would be the
mass, the platform whether it be Earth or a sidewalk that the two bodies are
standing on. The space so far as location is concerned enters into this. Those
are located somewhere and therefore we know where the communication goes to
and whoever receives it knows where to send the answer back to -- a very
necessary part of communication.

    Then we get the affinity factor. How far away does a fellow have to be to
talk to you? There is more than that to affinity. Affinity is liking and
disliking. Understanding requires affinity, reality and communication and if
any corner of the ARC triangle is lowered the other two corners lower
accordingly.

    We know that reality is basically an agreement and we have today the
Reality Scale. We have always known that all we had to do was introduce some
agreement into the situation. One had to agree at least on what one was
talking about in order to talk. There is no communication in progress if there
is no agreement on anything. One should have had to establish the existence of
one of the other people before communication could have occurred.

    Communication occurs simply by R and a little A when two people are
together.

    Affinity necessitates a control of attention. We have had a lot of
processes founded on ARC and they have not in themselves produced tremendous
results. They have produced good results but we haven't seen anybody step out
of the graveyard and dust his hat.

    There must be some counterparts to ARC which are more workable than ARC
since if we know ARC is true then how do we (and those are basic
considerations) make it work in this universe, on this planet at this time? We
know that the three things add up to understanding. How do we get this into a
processing level?

    In the first place one has to realize blindness when one sees it. One has
to realize that South is an awful long way South and the basic entrance of the
ARC triangle breaks down to control for A, to which bodies and the G.E.
beautifully respond. Any preclear, therefore, would respond to it regardless
of his tone level if you were processing him via a body, because this is the
body's understanding. It is solid. Therefore A is control.

    Somebody comes along and says, "Stand up straighter. Got your heels

				       12


together. Suck in your guts" and he will say, "The guy loves me." You might
phrase it in some other way. You might say, "Damn the sergeant, I could kill
him" which means at the G.E. level, "I love him dearly."

    Thus we have havingness or solid mass in the place of reality and
verbalization in place of communication. So understanding takes place in terms
of control, mass and communication.

    Understanding mest-wise always takes place in the framework of mass and
location thereof, verbalized or electrical or vibratory interchanges, and for
affinity, control. If one disliked somebody on a mass level one would simply
refuse to control him. The choice I am talking about is to control or not to
control.

    Unfortunately where there are people firmly connected with mass this then
is the level of interchange. If people are going around in bodies, then this
is the level to which cases respond.

    Don't get me wrong. I am not trying to rephrase or re-do the ARC triangle.
I am simply telling you the action level of the ARC triangle when it is in
action or you are going to work on a mest level. A becomes control or lack of
it. The R becomes mass and its location or lack of it since the complaint is
about no mass, and C is some sort of vibratory electrical particle
interchange, symbols flying back and so forth -- solid.

    If you start adding too much directness at this very low level you are
liable to blow the mass up. A thetan learns that. Every once in a while he
loses a favorite piece of bank or service facsimile. He said exactly what he
meant to the fellow directly with no vias and got himself fired.  He was
trying to communicate directly on a mest level and threw some particles
straight out without the slightest via on them and caused an explosion. One
has to have intention with it. There has to be some livingness connected with
it. In other words, one has to go upscale in order to make it function
optimumly.

    People who are at the lower end of control don't want mass, can't have
communication which becomes "it will be said for me". At this level, when
coaxed to put out a control, a communication which is absolutely direct and
straight, people discover something fantastic. In order to accomplish this
they have to go upscale or shatter themselves in the process of doing so.
After they have been shattered a few times they hit a higher tone range. They
say, "I belong up here. What am I doing grubbing around here in the mest?"
That is basically what an individual understands when he starts doing recent
training drills.

    ARC, to become extremely workable, has to be coached where you are dealing
with masses in terms of control, havingness and communication.

				       13


We have said CCH, by which we mean control, communication, havingness or
communication, control and havingness, and we have lined them up so that it is
instantly discernible that this is the other side to the ARC coin.

    Follow ARC down scale as per the Hubbard Chart of Human Evaluation in
"Science of Survival" and as you go down you will find an area below the
bottom line of the chart That has to do with mass. In other words, to wrap up
this whole subject the only responses still extant at the bottom of the Chart
can still be phrased in terms of control, havingness and communication. Those
responses do not entirely disappear as mentioned on the Chart but become very
coarse and massive and don't entirely disappear.

    If life can be awakened into a present it will be awakened into a presence
or a location by control, havingness and communication, handled in one way or
another. The first CCH process is very old and hardly anybody has recognized
its antecedent. I processed a cat until he ate an editor. I processed this cat
up to a point where he would strike at my fingers. He was a very timid cat and
I got him to reach for my fingers and then each time he would reach I would
withdraw my fingers slightly.  He would reach further and he got more and more
ferocious. So I invited an editor and he ate the editor up. That's an
exaggeration but he really ate the editor's thetan by scaring the man with his
ferocity.

    Just by inviting the cat to reach out, no matter how timidly, and strike
out at our fingers, gradually so as not to startle or surprise the cat we make
our fingers retreat, we get the cat to put out a communication line.  Lines
are solid at the bottom of the Reality Scale so we are right there at the
cat's reality. The cat can't have mass, is below mass and is actually trying
to connect antagonistically with a solid communication line. So the cat does
reach.

    "Give me that hand" is just processing the cat. You say, "Give me that
hand." The preclear doesn't and you reach over and take hold of his wrist,
take his hand and thank him for having given it to you. After a while of this
he says, "You know, there is some dim, vague possibility that I might have had
something to do with that. I wonder if I could possibly reach that far over to
your lap." When he finds out that he can do it, you have achieved a goal for
you have got him reaching for the environment, in an 8-C style. When this is
done, you as an auditor better have him reach for the mest environment in
terms of barriers. You have just got lines recognized and he has to be moved
up and out of barriers.  So we have 8-C on walls. When we get him above that
the auditor puts him back on lines again and we have Hand Space Mimicry. We
get him to locate the mass of the auditor.

				       14


    The preclear cannot disobey these commands. There is no thinkingness
involved in it because there isn't any thinkingness at that level and if you
are processing any it is a figure-figure.

    That is what ARC becomes after a long time. An individual becomes a body.
He agrees that he isn't anything but a body. People are never anything but
bodies and bodies are dead too.

    A body is a mass and therefore the realest thing there could be to a body
is outright control. If a person had a body then control would be affinity. If
he could control something he would like it. An individual who finds out
control isn't killing him turns out to like his auditor. That is an
establishment of a reality level and the affinity level at that reality level
is control. It goes up and not down the scale. We use good Tone 40 control on
him and he will come upscale to having mass.

    Let's look at what this does to communication. The individual, of course,
is willing to talk. He is also willing to receive objects and give objects
away and so interchanges can occur. We are looking at the ARC where
understanding takes place only in the presence of control, havingness and
communication on a mest level.

    This is the level at which machines of a mest nature, automobiles and so
forth, have to be run. An individual cannot adequately control his car and he
doesn't like his car. What does he mean by "like"? Does he mean an emotion?
No, he means an ability to control it. It is as solid and mesty as that.

    One wonders why some married couples don't get along although she
apparently does everything he says. When an auditor decides that he will get
her out from under her husband (or vice versa) or bush up this closure of
terminals, he will find out that there seems to be some feeling for each
other. It is just control going on all the time. One is looking here at where
control is affinity. They express their affinity for each other by kicking
each other, trying to gain control over each other by fighting. Below that
level is love making.

    One can understand a lot by just looking at what understanding is at the
level of mass. It is control, controlling and being controlled. That is
understanding.

    Psychosis is something mocked up so that it cannot be handled.  Psychos
try to make nothing out of their mass all the time. They have mocked up a
non-handlability.

				       15


    People who are below 2.0 on the Tone Scale mock up things that cannot be
handled and individuals above 2.0 mock up things, when they do, that can be
handled or they simply try to handle anything. There is thus a dividing line
on this control. People below 2.0 mock up things routinely which cannot be
handled and then brag about it.

    Those people are much further down scale than one thinks they are.	We say
it is above or below 2.0 which seems to be a precise line. It is almost as if
we are talking about two different universes. When individuals go around
mocking up things that cannot be handled and bragging about it all the time,
they give an auditor a pretty bad time. They are just daring the auditor to
handle them. You start sawing through with "Give me that hand" and they say,
"This can't be handled." They keep offering things that can't be handled.
These people are never really successful at anything. They are terribly
destructive. They Q and A with mest and they have become mest. They do what
mest does.

    Here we enter our understanding of life in realizing that there are people
around who haven't the slightest desire to handle anything.  Everybody's got
something in his life that he doesn't think can be handled or thinks that he
cannot handle, but these people just mock it up all the time.  People or
preclears that have given you a hard time have done only that.	You cure them
of one thing and they mock up something else that you cannot handle. Their
whole game is the avoidance of control. But they know how to control other
people. That is the Service Facsimile, which is unhandlable and you handle
these people by not permitting them to handle the Service Facsimile which is
reactive enough for any reactive bank.

    One can thus roughly divide mankind above or below 2.0 on the tone scale.
Some of them mock up things which can be handled and try to handle other
things. These are the people that keep the world running.  They don't build
clocks that cannot be fixed. The rest of the people simply keep on mocking up
things that cannot be handled and every doctor, every practitioner of any kind
is confronted by these people all the time because this is the dare.

    ARC becomes control, havingness and communication. You recognize that
control, havingness and communication are not the bottom because they invert
and become no control possible of any kind. This is the "can't handle" it. No
mass is admissible or viewable and no communication of any kind acceptable.
Therefore no understanding is possible.

    We have discovered that rung which solves the inversion. Just as we can
raise any person's communication by raising his affinity and reality,

				       16


as we can raise affinity by raising their reality and communication so we can
do these things at the bottom We can remedy control, inability to handle and
so forth in his life and vicinity simply by remedying his havingness. We can
do this by talking to him or by using straight control and we can raise his
lack of mass by control and communication. We will find that his havingness
will increase. Some odd and very complicated consideration about havingness
are in the way of all this but it will blow in cognitions which he probably
will never mention, but he will come up to CCH.

    If a person has got to be identified and connected with mass, he is in
terribly good condition when he is at CCH. Therefore CCH is pretty high, but
it handles all the inversions of CCH and this whole mysterious stratum, the
bottom sub-stratum of the ARC triangle, is revealed to view and becomes
workable in the hands of the auditor.

    Control all by itself will level out all lower inversions of the subject
of control, havingness and communication. The right kind of communication all
by itself will do something for havingness and control. Hand Space Mimicry is
a solid line. They will eventually have an auditor.

    "Can't have" on others and "have" on self or the three steps of trio or
control trio run one way or another on somebody is also a communication
process. If you run "Tell me something your mother can't have" and get a
straight answer, the preclear's havingness comes up. So does his ability to
control and his ability to communicate. You can hit CCH at one of its corners
and get the other two to some degree because it permits the auditor to
directly address the body and have something happen to the person.

    CCH then, should be viewed simply as the workable factors at the lower end
of the mass scale. CCH is a pretty high level procedure, but it is a
description also of all lower levels, the harmonics of which are processed by
straight CCH.

			     ---------------------



L. Ron Hubbard


Type = 1
iDate=0/12/57
Volnum=14
Issue=3
Rev=0
rDate=0/0/0
Addition=0
aDate=0/0/0
aRev=0
arDate=0/0/0

Start-Change-Stop



				 (As per 1956*)

    Start, change and stop is the anatomy of control. This is a cycle of

(* Refer to "Clear Procedure," by L. Ron Hubbard.)

				       17


action -- create, survive, destroy. There is continue (persist) on the middle
of the curve and other cycles within cycles of action, but the important
factors are Start, Change and Stop.

    Running Start, Change and Stop on an individual brings about greater
self-determinism.

    Self-determinism in the field of motion consists of, by own power of
choice, permitting the object or body to be still or not to be still;
permitting a thing to be changed or not to be changed; permitting a thing to
be started or not to be started, and it must be rehabilitated in the preclear.
In other words, self-determinism consists here of returning the preclear's
power of choice over controlling or not controlling at will. The preclear who
is obsessively controlling will sooner or later fail to control and then will
be controlled by something. The obsession to control, to start, to change, to
stop, will be found to enter into the ARC* triangle and is what depresses the
preclear down scale on the Tone Scale.

    These three parts of control are run flat individually, in this order:  we
run Change flat, and then run Start again very flat and then we run Stop flat.
It would be a mistake at this point to say that this process is finished for
the excellent reason that if you run Change again you would find further
considerations shifting in the preclear and then if you run Start you would
find it unflattened. So you would run it again and then run and flatten Stop.

    It would not be possible to say how long you would have to run the process
altogether. On somebody who was total machinery and who never had been in
session, this would be a rough process. On a case that is in good condition,
this would run easier. The preclear would consider it interesting and would
exteriorize quite easily. The end result of this process is exteriorization.
For someone who is compulsively exteriorized, this would be excellent as he
would slide into his head and eventually come out of it again, but not on a
compulsive basis.

    One meets with three conditions in auditing. The preclear who is
compulsively interiorized, the preclear who is compulsively exteriorized and
the preclear who is buttered all over the universe. The latter case, run on
C-S-C would greatly accumulate the ability to collect himself.	This might not
occur until you have run him for five or more hours on it.

    If this process is continued long enough the preclear will be moving his
body by postulate -- i.e., from the outside, not by beams, stimulus response,
etc.

    This process does not go all the way up because of the preclear's
attention span. Most preclear's cannot stay on a process for more than

(* Refer to "Clear Procedure," by L. Ron Hubbard.)

				       18



a few moments, so you would vary the process a little to keep him interested.
His actual response, however, is not important as long as he does it.

    There is no such thing as bad control, only non-positive control. Good
control is positive control and positive control is not bad control.

    We get a lower level there than moving the body. This would be S-C-S on
Objects. It is always safest to run this on someone you are trying out or a
person who cannot move about a lot such as an invalid.	To somebody who has no
reality on his body one would run S-C-S using an object instead of his body.

    When running this process, the auditor and the preclear should both stand
up. This gives reality and the auditor duplicating the preclear (mimicry) will
bring about greater ARC. The session always fails when the auditor sits down
while running S-C-S.

    It runs this way:

    The auditor points out a spot on the floor to the preclear and says:  "Do
you see that spot? Good. We will call that Spot A. Now you stand here. O.K."
The auditor now indicates another spot and says: "Now do you see that other
spot? Good. We'll call that Spot B. All right, now when I tell you to change
the body's position I want YOU to move it from Spot A to Spot B. All right?
Good. Change the body's position." "Fine." Then the auditor says: "Do you see
that spot? Well, we'll call that Spot C." (We use three spots so that we don't
run a duplication process on him.) "Now when I tell you to change the body's
position I want YOU to move the body from Spot B to Spot C. Do you understand
that? Fine, change the body's position."

    You can ask him: "Did YOU change the body's position?" if his case is not
too low, for it is not advisable on a low case at first.

    Then go back to Spot A. It does not have to be the same spot A each time
as it makes the process too much like duplication, brings the preclear to
predict the process too easily and he will do it machine-wise.

    Each time you make contact with the preclear you give the command in a new
interval of time. You don't depend on any former understanding of the command.
You clear it each time and give the whole command every time you use it. We
make each move in time a new move. He doesn't have to depend on his memory, so
the auditor repeats the whole wording as given. This is a most important
aspect of running any part of S-C-S.

				       19


    On Start we emphasize START. The auditor says: "Do you see that wall over
there? Good. Now when I give you this command, I want you to move the body in
the direction towards that wall. When I say 'start' I want YOU to start the
body. All right. Start. Fine."

    The preclear may protest that he had to stop the body and change it as
well. What is happening here is that the word "Control" is beginning to
ungroup and as you get start, change and stop apart and distinct from each
other, the individual's ability to control the body increases and he gains
more confidence in being able to control it from a greater and greater
distance.

    The next command would be: "All right, when I tell you to 'start' the body
YOU start the body, O.K.? Start the body."

    The third command is for STOP, and the auditor says: "I am going to ask
you to get the body moving towards that (indicated) wall and somewhere along
the line I am going to tell YOU to stop the body. Is that all right?" He
agrees and you say, "Get the body moving." You don't say start. He does so and
you say "Stop" and "Did YOU stop the body?"

    You don't say "your body" but "the body", indicating the body. You
emphasize him as a thetan doing it for it increases the preclear's self-
determinism. You give the commands for each process newly each time.

    From S-C-S, which is the three processes given above, there are two other
processes called START-C-S and STOP-C-S.

    START-C-S has the exact commands as for Start in S-C-S. We emphasize Start
here and use Change and Stop only to unflatten Start. The purpose here is to
rehabilitate the preclear's ability to get things starting since he has been
immobilized a lot in his life when the opposing valences or conditions
exercised bad control over him and prevented him from starting.

    After a preclear has been run on Start-C-S, which would flatten to some
degree each one of the points of control, we run STOP-C-S.

    This is a distinctly different process. The commands are the same as used
for Stop in S-C-S, but here one specializes in stopping the body.

    One has the preclear stop the body over and over and as the preclear
becomes more accustomed to doing this one then changes the process on him to
this extent -- the auditor asks the preclear in running Stop-C-S to "stop the
body absolutely still."

				       20


    This imposes a new discipline on the preclear and makes the process
extremely difficult for him. It is only done when S-C-S and ordinary Stop-C-S
have to some degree been flattened.

    Following up this "Stop the body absolutely still" one can introduce
Change into the process for a few commands in order to unflatten the Stop-C-S
that has flattened. In other words, when the Stop of Stop-C-S on an object or
the body seems to be flat, one can run a few Change the body or Change the
object and unflatten Stop once more with a resultant alteration in the
preclear's ability to perform. When Stop-C-S seems flat then it should be
unflattened at first by running Change-S-S with the emphasis on Change. When
Change no longer upsets his ability to stop it, Starting it should be run as
an alternate to Stop-C-S in order to unflatten it again.

    Stop is the most important part of S-C-S. The preclear has been told all
along the line to stop. He was made effect all the time. How you bring him to
just this under his own control and self-determinism and he takes over the
automaticity.

    The same is true for Change. A psychotic is compulsively changing all the
time and CHANGE-S-S will take over the automaticity of "compulsive changing"
and make the person more sane.

    These and other tapes of L. Ron Hubbard available to the public from:

			 HUBBARD COLLEGE OF SCIENTOLOGY

			Saint Hill Manor, East Grinstead
				Sussex, England.

				       21


L. Ron Hubbard

